Brazil is a global leader in mining, farming, manufacturing, and it also has a robust and expanding service industry. It is a major producer of a variety of minerals, including as iron ore, tin, aluminum, manganese, gold, quartz, diamonds, and other jewels, and it also exports significant amounts of consumer products like steel, cars, electronics, and quartz. Booms and busts have characterized primarily Brazil's economic history. The nation was mostly dependent on one or two key agricultural goods, whose prices varied greatly on global markets, from the 16th until the mid-20th century. Beginning with the export of brazilwood in early colonial times, the economy's cyclical nature continued with a sugar boom, a mineral boom in the 18th century (driven particularly by gold and diamond mining), a coffee boom from the mid-19th century, and a rubber boom in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Brazilian government actively promoted industry in the 20th century in an effort to diversify the nation's production and lessen its reliance on agricultural exports. Brazil boasts some of the most plentiful natural resources, both renewable and nonrenewable. In the Southeast and South, the nation's economic center, the majority of the country's proven mineral deposits, agriculturally productive land, and other sources of income have been exploited; nevertheless, other regions are becoming more significant. More of these resources are now available for export or domestic usage by Brazil's expanding economy and populace thanks to improved transportation.
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